The formula behind expected value
For a binary YES contract priced at c, with your estimated win probability p and stake S, the expected value of buying YES can be written in a compact way that matches prediction-market payoff mechanics.
The key idea is simple: the market price is an implied probability. If your probability is materially above that price, the contract may be underpriced. EV tells you the dollar attractiveness; Kelly translates that edge into a bankroll fraction.